Ubuntu 18.04 LEMP(Linux+Nginx+Mysql+PHP)環境建立

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底下紀錄如何在 Ubuntu 18.04 上建立 LEMP 的環境。
This note demonstrates how to create a LEMP environment on an Ubuntu 18.04 server.

步驟一：安裝 Nginx Web Server (Step One: Installing nginx web server)

Open a console and input the following commands to install nginx.

1. sudo apt-get update
2. sudo apt-get install nginx

接著查詢主機IP

You can find your server's public IP address by the following command:
ip addr show eth0 | grep inet | awk '{ print $2; }' | sed 's/\/.*$//'

在瀏覽器鍵入 local host ip。
Type the address in your web browser(Google chrome or firefox .etc).
http://server_domain_name_or_IP

若在瀏覽器上看到下圖，表示 nginx 已安裝成功。If you see the below message, your nginx installation is completed.

可看到上圖時，nginx便已經可跑靜態網頁了，預設的html檔案存放位置為 /var/www/html


步驟二：安裝MySql(Step Two: Installing mysql
Open a console and input the following commands to install mysql.

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

安裝完後輸入以下指令進行安全性設定
Type the following command to secure the MySQL installation:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

步驟三：安裝php與設定 php.ini(Step Three: Installing php and configuring the php.ini)

Installing php:

sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-mysql

Modifying php.ini file:

sudo nano /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini

Replace this line:
;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
with
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

Save and restart php service:

sudo service php7.2-fpm restart

步驟四：設定Nginx的php模組功能(The PHP Processor configuration for nginx)

建立一個nginx設定

Create the configuration file for nginx:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/test.com

Input the below text to the configuration file:

server {

        listen 80;
        root /var/www/html;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        server_name test.com;
 
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }
 
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
        }
 
        location ~ /\.ht {
                deny all;
        }
}

# Creating a symbolic link to enable the new server block.
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/test.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
 
# Unlink the default configuration
sudo unlink /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
 
# Checking the new configuration file
sudo nginx -t
 
# Reload Nginx
sudo service nginx reload

步驟五：建立php測試檔案(Step Five: Create a php file to test)

# Creating the test php file
sudo nano /var/www/html/info.php

Input the following php code into the new file(info.php).

<?php
phpinfo();

Open your browser to visit this page:
http://your_server_domain_or_IP/info.php

You should see some information about your server:

參考資料：

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-linux-nginx-mysql-php-lemp-stack-ubuntu-18-04