MakeCode Microbit 遊戲設計：簡易射擊遊戲(Microbit Game: Simple Shooting Game)

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本篇文章將講解如何製作一個簡易射擊遊戲。

一、遊戲功能如下(Game Design)：
  • 砲台在畫面下方移動。The turret moves between the bottom of LED matrix.
  • 按A鍵砲台燈向左移動。 The turret moves to left when button A is pressed.
  • 按B鍵砲台燈向右移動。The turret moves to right when button B is pressed.
  • 按A+B鍵發射子彈。Firing when button A and button B are pressed.
  • 敵機隨機在最上方的位置出現。 The enemy moves between the top of LED matrix.
  • 子彈打到敵機時，得一分。Score 1 point when the enemy is hit by a bullet.

二、積木程式(Blocks Code)

遊戲啟動時(On Start)：

敵機隨機在最上方的位置出現。 The enemy moves between the top of LED matrix.

砲台在畫面下方移動。The turret moves between the bottom of LED matrix.
按A鍵砲台燈向左移動。 The turret moves to left when button A is pressed.
按B鍵砲台燈向右移動。The turret moves to right when button B is pressed.

按A+B鍵發射子彈。Firing when button A and button B are pressed.
子彈打到敵機時，得一分，。Score 1 point when the enemy is hit by a bullet.


三、結果(The Results)
影片(Demo Video)：



請自由發揮額外功能，例如玩家生命等。
More Ideas examples: player's life...etc. 

範例網址(Example Code)：https://makecode.microbit.org/_EEAd7hdq8hav

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Solutions to Lightbot

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底下是 LightBot : Code Hour 的參考解法
The following pictures are possible solutions to LightBot : Code Hour.

Level 1-1:
Level 1-2:

Level 1-3:

Level 1-4:

Level 1-5:

Level 1-6:

Level 1-:7

Level 1-8:

Level 2-1:
Level 2-2:
Level 2-3:
Level 2-4:
Level 2-5:
Level 2-6:
Level 3-1:
Level 3-2:
Level 3-:3
Level 3-4:
Level 3-5:
Level 3-6:


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C語言練習題：迴圈的魅力(C language exercise: Loop's charisma)

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練習一：奇數數列
使用迴圈輸出 1 到 100 之間的奇數。

Exercise 1: Odd Sequence
Print the odd numbers between 1 to 100.

練習一參考解法：
Exercise 1 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int i;
    // FOR loop 1
    for(i = 1; i <= 100; i += 2)
        printf("%d, ", i);

    printf("\n\n");

    // FOR loop 2
    for(i = 1; i <= 100; i++)
        if(i % 2)
            printf("%d, ", i);

    printf("\n\n");

    // WHILE loop
    i = 1;
    while( i <= 100)
    {
        if(i % 2)
            printf("%d, ", i);

        i++;
    }

    printf("\n\n");

    // DO-WHILE loop
    i = 1;
    do
    {
        if(i % 2)
            printf("%d, ", i);
        i++;
    } while(i <= 100);

    return 0;
}

練習二：範圍
輸出 300 到 500 之間可以被 3 與 11 整除的整數。

Exercise 2: Range 
Print the numbers between 300 to 500 which are divisible by 3 and 11.

練習二參考解法：
Exercise 2 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int i;
    // FOR loop
    for(i = 300; i <= 500; i++)
        if(i % 3 == 0 && i % 11 == 0)
            printf("%d, ", i);

    printf("\n\n");

    // WHILE loop
    i = 300;
    while( i <= 500)
    {
        if(i % 3 == 0 && i % 11 == 0)
            printf("%d, ", i);

        i++;
    }

    printf("\n\n");

    // DO-WHILE loop
    i = 300;
    do
    {
        if(i % 3 == 0 && i % 11 == 0)
            printf("%d, ", i);
        i++;
    } while(i <= 500);

    return 0;
}

練習三：星星三角形
設計一程式，輸出底下的星星三角形。

Exercise 3: Star Triangle
Design a C program that print the star triangle.


練習三參考解法：
Exercise 3 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int i, j;

    for(i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
    {
        for(j = 0; j <= i; j++)
        {
            printf("*");
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

練習四：乘法表
輸入一個整數，程式輸出此整數從 1 乘到 10 的結果，例如輸入整數 7 時，輸出結果會是
7 * 1 = 7
7 * 2 = 14
7 * 3 = 21
.
.
.
7 * 10 = 17 

Exercise 4: Multiplication table
Read an integer from user and print it's multiplication table up to 10. For example, if user give 7, the output will be look like the following:
7 * 1 = 7
7 * 2 = 14
7 * 3 = 21
.
.
.
7 * 10 = 17



練習四參考解法：
Exercise 4 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int num;
    printf("Enter an integer:");
    scanf("%d", &num);

    for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
        printf("%d * %d = %d\n", num, i, (num*i));

    return 0;
}

練習五：等差數列加總
設計一程式可算出底下等差數列的總和。
1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + 13 + ... + 97 + 100

Exercise 5: Sum of an Arithmetic Series
Write a C program to print the summation of the following series:
1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + 13 + ... + 97 + 100

練習五參考解法：
Exercise 5 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int n, sum = 0;
    for(n = 1; n <= 100; n += 3)
        sum = sum + n;

    printf("Sum is %d\n", sum);
    return 0;
}

練習六：等比數列加總
設計一程式可算出底下等比數列的總和。
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + ... + 524288 + 1048576

Exercise 6: Sum of a Geometric Series
Write a C program to print the summation of the following series:
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + ... + 524288 + 1048576

練習六參考解法：
Exercise 6 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    long n, sum = 0;
    for(n = 1; n <= 1048576; n *= 2)
        sum = sum + n;

    printf("Sum is %ld\n", sum);

    return 0;
}

練習七：星星三角形二
設計一程式，輸出底下的圖形。

Exercise 7:  Star Triangle 2
Design a C program that print the following star triangle.

練習七參考解法：
Exercise 7 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int i, j;

    for(i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
    {
        for(j = 4; j >= i; j--)
        {
            printf("*");
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

練習八：英文字母
使用迴圈來輸出英文的大小寫字母。

Exercise 8:  Alphabets
Write a C program that uses loop to display English alphabet.

練習八參考解法：
Exercise 8 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    char letter;

    printf("Small letters: ");
    for(letter = 'a'; letter <= 'z'; letter++)
        printf("%c ", letter);

    printf("\n\n");
    printf("Large letters: ");
    for(letter = 'A'; letter <= 'Z'; letter++)
        printf("%c ", letter);

    return 0;
}

練習九：迴圈與條件判斷
設計一個程式可不斷讓使用者輸入一個整數，直到輸入 0 才結束程式。並判斷此整數是奇數或是偶數。

Exercise 9: Loop and conditions
Design a C program to determine whether an integer is odd or even repeatedly until 0 is entered. 

練習九參考解法：
Exercise 9 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int number;

    do
    {
        printf("Please input an integer:");
        scanf("%d", &number);

        if( number % 2 )
            printf("%d is odd.\n", number);
        else
            printf("%d is even.\n", number);
    }while(number != 0);

    return 0;
}

練習十：費氏數列
設計可以輸入一個整數 N ，輸出到整數 N 的費氏數列。例如當 N = 22 時，程式輸出：0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21,

Exercise 10: Fibonacci sequence
Write a C program that gets an integer from user and display Fibonacci numbers up to N. If N is 22, the program should print: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 


練習十參考解法：
Exercise 10 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int n;
    printf("Please enter an integer:");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    int first = 0, second = 1, tmp;

    while(first <= n)
    {
        printf("%d, ", first);
        tmp = first + second;
        first = second;
        second = tmp;
    }

    return 0;
}

練習十一：數字圖案
設計一程式輸出下圖上的數字圖案。

Exercise 11: Number Pattern
Design a C program to display the number pattern in the below picture.

練習十一參考解法：
Exercise 11 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int n = 9;
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 1; j <= i; j++)
            printf("%d ", i * j);
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

練習十二：質數
設計可以輸入一個整數 N ，輸出到整數 N 的質數數列。例如當 N = 50 時，程式輸出：2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47,

Exercise 12: Prime
Write a C program that gets an integer from user and display prime numbers up to N. If N is 50, the program should print: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47,

練習十二參考解法：
Exercise 12 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int n, isPrime;
    printf("Enter an integer:");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    for(int p = 2; p <= n; p++)
    {
        isPrime = 1;
        for(int i = 2; i * i <= p; i++)
        {
            if(p % i == 0)
            {
                isPrime = 0;
                break;
            }
        }

        if(isPrime == 1)
            printf("%d, ", p);
    }

    return 0;
}


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C語言練習題：條件判斷(C language exercise: If Condition)

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練習一：入學許可
如果您的在校成績有高於80分，就可以申請自己第一志願的大學。現在請設計一程式可讀取使用者的在校成績，若使用者可以申請第一志願的大學就輸出「YES」，否則輸出「NO」。

Exercise 1: College Admission
If you got GPA higher than 4.0 in transcript then you can apply for  your first choice. Now write a C program read GPA from the keyboard and print "YES" if you can apply otherwise print "NO".

練習一參考解法：
Exercise 1 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    float gpa;
    printf("Please enter your GPA:");
    scanf("%f", &gpa);

    if(gpa < 4.0)
        printf("NO\n");
    else
        printf("YES\n");

    return 0;
}


練習二：APCS成績級分
撰寫一個可輸入APCS成績的C語言程式，此程式會依據下表輸出對應的級分。

級分

分數範圍

五

90~100

四

70~89

三

50~69

二

30~49

一

0~29

Exercise 2: C Programming GPA

Write a C program that gets C Programming score from the user. Then print the grade depending on the given scale(See the following table).

Grade

Scale

A

90~100

B

70~89

C

50~69

D

30~49

F

0~29

練習二參考解法：
Exercise 2 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int apcsScore;
    printf("Enter your C programming score:");
    scanf("%d", &apcsScore);

    printf("Grade:");
    if(apcsScore >= 90)
        printf("A");
    else if(apcsScore >= 70)
        printf("B");
    else if(apcsScore >= 50)
        printf("C");
    else if(apcsScore >= 30)
        printf("D");
    else if(apcsScore >= 0)
        printf("F");
    printf(".\n");

    return 0;
}

練習三：成年了嗎？
每個國家都會規定幾歲以上才是成年，那我們就來寫個程式來判斷年齡是否有成年吧。此練習題是18歲以上算成年喔！成年後就可以做好多事啊！

Exercise 3: Are you an adult?
In some countries, men and women come of age at 18. Now let's write a C program to determine is someone an adult. There are many things that adults can do.

練習三參考解法：
Exercise 3 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int age;
    printf("Enter your age:");
    scanf("%d", &age);

    if(age >= 18)
        printf("Congratulation!\n");
    else
        printf("There are %d years left to be an adult.\n", 18 - age);
    return 0;
}

練習四：奇數或偶數
設計一個可以判斷一個整數是奇數或是偶數的程式。

Exercise 4: Odd or even
Design a C program to determine whether an integer is odd or even. 

練習四參考解法：
Exercise 4 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int number;
    printf("Please input an integer:");
    scanf("%d", &number);

    if( number % 2 )
        printf("%d is odd.\n", number);
    else
        printf("%d is even.\n", number);

    return 0;
}

練習五：可整除嗎？
寫一個可以判斷一個數是否可以同時被 3 與 11 整除。 

Exercise 5: Divisible 
Take an integer from user and determine whether it is divisible by 3 and 11.

練習五參考解法：
Exercise 5 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int number;
    printf("Please input an integer:");
    scanf("%d", &number);

    if( number % 3 == 0 && number % 11 == 0 )
        printf("%d is divisible by 3 and 11.\n", number);
    else
        printf("%d isn't divisible by 3 and 11.\n", number);

    return 0;
}

練習六：最大值
輸入三個整數，程式輸出最大值。

Exercise 6: Maximum
Take three integers from user and print the maximum one.

練習六參考解法一：
Exercise 6 solution 1:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int a, b, c;
    printf("Enter three integer:");
    scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);

    printf("From %d, %d, %d, the maximum is ", a, b, c);

    if(a > b && a > c)
        printf("%d.\n", a);
    else if(b > c)
        printf("%d.\n", b);
    else
        printf("%d.\n", c);

    return 0;
}

練習六參考解法二：
Exercise 6 solution 2:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int a, b, c;
    printf("Enter three integer:");
    scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);

    int max;
    if(a > b)
        max = a;
    else
        max = b;

    if(max < c)
        max = c;

    printf("From %d, %d, %d, the maximum is %d.\n", a, b, c, max);

    return 0;
}

練習七：母音？子音？
設計一個程式可以判斷英文字母是母音或子音。

Exercise 7: Vowel or Consonant
Design a C program to print whether a letter alphabet is Vowel or Consonant. 

練習七參考解法：
Exercise 7 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    char letter;
    printf("Enter a letter:");
    scanf(" %c", &letter);

    if( letter == 'a' || letter == 'A' ||
        letter == 'e' || letter == 'E' ||
        letter == 'i' || letter == 'I' ||
        letter == 'o' || letter == 'O' ||
        letter == 'u' || letter == 'U' )
            printf("%c is Vowel.\n", letter);
    else
        printf("%c is Consonant.\n", letter);

    return 0;
}

練習八：月份英文名稱
設計一程式可讀取 [1 - 12] 的整數，輸出對應月份的英文名稱。

Exercise 8: Months Name
Write a C program that gets an integer [1 - 12] from user. And print the corresponding month name. 

練習八參考解法：
Exercise 8 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int m;
    printf("Input an integer [1 - 12]:");
    scanf("%d", &m);

    if(m == 1)
    {
        printf("January\n");
    }
    else if(m == 2)
    {
        printf("February\n");
    }
    else if(m == 3)
    {
        printf("March\n");
    }
    else if(m == 4)
    {
        printf("April\n");
    }
    else if(m == 5)
    {
        printf("May\n");
    }
    else if(m == 6)
    {
        printf("June\n");
    }
    else if(m == 7)
    {
        printf("July\n");
    }
    else if(m == 8)
    {
        printf("August\n");
    }
    else if(m == 9)
    {
        printf("September\n");
    }
    else if(m == 10)
    {
        printf("October\n");
    }
    else if(m == 11)
    {
        printf("November\n");
    }
    else if(m == 12)
    {
        printf("Decemember\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Invalid input.\n");
    }


    return 0;
}

練習九：第幾象限
設計一個可以判斷(x, y)座標在第幾象限的程式。

Exercise 9: Coordinate
Design a C program that print the quadrant of the given point(x, y).

練習九參考解法：
Exercise 9 solution:
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int x, y;
    printf("Enter the value of (X Y):");
    scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);

    if(x > 0 && y > 0)
    {
        printf("First");
    }
    else if(x < 0 && y > 0)
    {
        printf("Second");
    }
    else if(x < 0 && y < 0)
    {
        printf("Third");
    }
    else if(x > 0 && y < 0)
    {
        printf("Fourth");
    }

    printf(" Quadrant.\n");
    return 0;
}


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